Visit ony wetland in your area and write a report on the species of plants and birds seen on the wetland. Visit the site in winter month of October and document the changes in water level, bird seen (species and number). Write about any locol migration/winter long distance migration of birds. – Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Environmental Studies (EVS) project topic and guidance.
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Project 22 : Visit ony wetland in your area and write a report on the species of plants and birds seen on the wetland. Visit the site in winter month of October and document the changes in water level, bird seen (species and number). Write about any locol migration/winter long distance migration of birds. is an officially approved project topic in the Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Environmental Studies and Water Security curriculum. This comprehensive study equips students with practical field methodologies, ecological analysis, and empirical data required for securing an 'A' grade in school/junior college internal assessments.
Environmental Education and Water Security emphasizes sustainable development through scientific investigation. The practical documentation provided below covers the core findings, observations, and policy measures needed for comprehensive academic evaluation.
Aim of the Study: To visit a local wetland during October, record aquatic flora and avian biodiversity, monitor water level fluctuations, and analyze winter avian migration along the Central Asian Flyway.
Early morning (6:30 AM to 10:00 AM) field survey at a local wetland (e.g., Pashan Lake, Bhigwan reservoir, Jayakwadi, or local irrigation tank) using spotting scopes, binoculars, salinity/pH testing kits, and Asian Waterbird Census protocols.
This scientific investigation conforms strictly to Maharashtra State Board practical guidelines, incorporating primary survey data, empirical observations, and practical field documentation.
The following empirical observation matrix demonstrates standard data collection parameters, field measurements, and recorded outcomes for this project study:
| Bird Species (Common & Sci) | Migratory Status | Estimated Count Observed | Foraging Micro-Niche | Breeding Origin & Flyway Route |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) | Long-Distance Winter Migrant | 65 individuals | Surface dabbling in open shallow water | Breeds in Siberian wetlands; migrates across Central Asian Flyway. |
| Garganey (Spatula querquedula) | Long-Distance Winter Migrant | 42 individuals | Filtering water weeds and seeds at lake edge | Breeds in northern Eurasia; arrives in Maharashtra by late September. |
| Bronze-winged Jacana (Metopidius indicus) | Resident Wetland Specialist | 18 individuals | Walks on floating Lotus and lily pads | Resident across Indian freshwater wetlands; long toes distribute weight. |
| Wood Sandpiper (Tringa glareola) | Long-Distance Winter Migrant | 28 individuals | Probing soft mud margins for aquatic worms | Breeds in Scandinavian and Russian tundra; winters on Indian marshes. |
| Asian Openbill (Anastomus oscitans) | Local / Regional Migrant | 34 individuals | Wading along shallow edges preying on snails | Resident breeder; local nomad following apple snail (Pila globosa) abundance. |
The field study and investigation of Project 22 focuses on the following key environmental observations and highlights:
A comprehensive analysis of Project 22 reveals crucial insights regarding wetlands & migration and local ecological resilience. By examining empirical data collected in the field, students understand the direct impact of human activity on ecosystems and learn practical conservation strategies applicable to Maharashtra's local environment.
Wetlands are the kidneys of our landscape, filtering toxic runoff, recharging ground aquifers, and sustaining planetary avian migration. Safeguarding these waterbodies ensures the survival of millions of migratory birds that link the Arctic tundra with the Indian peninsula.
To secure full marks (30/30) in your internal project evaluation, structure your handwritten project file in the following official order:
A major global bird migration highway covering a large continental area between the Arctic and Indian Oceans, comprising 30 countries including India.
To escape freezing Arctic winters where lakes freeze solid and food disappears, finding abundant food and mild climate in Indian wetlands.
Dabbling ducks (like Pintails) feed on surface weeds by tipping forward without submerging, while diving ducks (like Pochards) swim completely underwater to forage in deeper zones.
An intergovernmental treaty signed in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, that provides the national and international framework for wetland conservation.
Nandur Madhameshwar (Nashik district, known as Bharatpur of Maharashtra) and Lonar Lake (Buldhana district).