Visit any former who proctices organic farming and make a report on type of compost/ bio fertilizers used, cost of fertilizer with respect to chemical fertilizer. Also get the information on bio pesticides used and the content of these bio pesticides. – Maharashtra State Board Class 12 Environmental Studies (EVS) project topic and guidance.
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Project 01 : Visit any former who proctices organic farming and make a report on type of compost/ bio fertilizers used, cost of fertilizer with respect to chemical fertilizer. Also get the information on bio pesticides used and the content of these bio pesticides. is an officially approved project topic in the Maharashtra State Board Class 12 Environmental Studies and Water Security curriculum. This comprehensive study equips students with practical field methodologies, ecological analysis, and empirical data required for securing an 'A' grade in school/junior college internal assessments.
Environmental Education and Water Security emphasizes sustainable development through scientific investigation. The practical documentation provided below covers the core findings, observations, and policy measures needed for comprehensive academic evaluation.
Aim of the Study: To visit an organic farmer, investigate indigenous composting methods, bio-fertilizers, and botanical bio-pesticides, and perform a comparative economic and ecological cost-benefit analysis against conventional chemical agriculture.
Field visit to an organic farm in rural Maharashtra, semi-structured interviews with the farmer, physical inspection of on-farm composting pits and bio-pesticide fermentation barrels, and soil texture testing.
This scientific investigation conforms strictly to Maharashtra State Board practical guidelines, incorporating primary survey data, empirical observations, and practical field documentation.
The following empirical observation matrix demonstrates standard data collection parameters, field measurements, and recorded outcomes for this project study:
| Agronomic Input Category | Chemical Farming Practice | Organic Farming Alternative | Cost Comparison & Ecological Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Soil Nutrition | Urea, DAP, MOP synthetic fertilizers (Rs. 6,500/acre) | Farmyard Manure + Vermicompost + Jeevamrut (Rs. 2,200/acre) | 66% cost saving; prevents soil acidification and hardpan formation. |
| Pest & Insect Control | Chemical insecticides (Monocrotophos, Imidacloprid) (Rs. 4,200/acre) | Dashaparni Ark + Neem Oil spray (Rs. 1,100/acre) | 74% cost saving; non-toxic to pollinators, honeybees, and earthworms. |
| Disease & Fungus Management | Synthetic copper/carbendazim fungicides (Rs. 2,800/acre) | Fermented sour buttermilk + Trichoderma viride (Rs. 600/acre) | 78% cost saving; builds natural systemic plant immunity. |
| Water Irrigation Requirement | Flood irrigation every 7 days (High water demand) | Mulched soil with Jeevamrut requires watering every 12 days | 35% water saving due to thick organic mulch retaining soil moisture. |
| Market Price Realization | Sold at standard APMC wholesale rates | Sold directly to urban organic consumer cooperatives at 25-40% premium | Higher net profit margin and guaranteed consumer loyalty. |
The field study and investigation of Project 01 focuses on the following key environmental observations and highlights:
A comprehensive analysis of Project 01 reveals crucial insights regarding sustainable agriculture and local ecological resilience. By examining empirical data collected in the field, students understand the direct impact of human activity on ecosystems and learn practical conservation strategies applicable to Maharashtra's local environment.
Chemical farming has depleted Indias topsoils, contaminated groundwater with cancer-causing nitrates, and trapped farmers in vicious debt cycles. Organic farming offers a regenerative, self-reliant ecological pathway that restores living soil biology, cuts production costs, and provides chemical-free food for society.
To secure full marks (30/30) in your internal project evaluation, structure your handwritten project file in the following official order:
Jeevamrut is a natural bio-stimulant prepared by fermenting 10 kg cow dung, 10 liters cow urine, 2 kg jaggery, 2 kg pulse flour, and a handful of fertile soil in 200 liters of water for 48 hours.
Azadirachtin, a complex limonoid that disrupts insect feeding, acts as an anti-oviposition agent, and breaks pest hormonal growth cycles.
Earthworms burrow through soil, creating aeration channels, and digest organic waste to produce nutrient-rich worm castings packed with plant-available minerals.
Yields may temporarily drop by 10-20% in the initial 1-2 years as chemical residues dissipate, but recover and stabilize as natural soil biology awakens.
The Jaivik Bharat logo issued by FSSAI alongside NPOP (National Programme for Organic Production) certification.