3 Disaster Management
Q. Answer the following in brief: ( Any two )
(1) Prepare a chart on natural and man-made(duty human errors or
carelessness) disasters:
Ans.
Sr. No. |
Natural disaster |
Man-made disaster |
(1) | Earthquake | Industrial explosions |
(2) | Flood | Dam failure |
(3) | Tsunami | Nuclear disaster |
(4) | Wildfire | Industrial accidents |
(5) | Tornado | Terrorist attacks |
(6) | Hurricane | War and conflicts |
(7) | Drought | Chemical spills |
(8) | Volcanic eruption | Structural collapses |
(9) | Landslide | Oil Rig explosions |
(10) | Avalanches | Airplane crashes |
(11) | Heat wave | Industrial pollution |
(12) | Blizzard | Cyber attacks |
(13) | Tidal waves | Oil spill |
(14) | Dust storm | Genocide |
(15) | Epidemic/pandemic | Nuclear accidents |
(2) Write in short, the importance of disaster management in respect
to internal security.
Ans.
i) One of the major causes of various threats to internal security could be
a natural or man-made disaster.
ii) It is equally important to create a strong disaster management system
to keep internal security intact.
(3) What are the three stages of disaster management?
Briefly write their nature and importance.
Ans.
i) Pre-disaster face: preparation for disaster prevention involves
pre-planning.
ii) During disaster face; when a disaster strikes steps are taken to
minimise the damage.
iii) Post disaster phase: This phase includes rehabilitation,
restoration of life, bringing life to normalcy.
(4) What is first aid? prepare a list of essential items in the first aid
box.
Ans.
i) First aid is an initial medical help given to an injured or sick person
before professional help arrived.
ii) It includes, bandages, gauze, tape, antiseptic wipes, gloves, scissors,
tweezers, CPR mask pain relievers, and a first aid manual.
Activities based on written work |
Q. Two activities are given below. Write a report on any one of the activities.
(1) Biological hazards are becoming a threat or nuisance in your area. To
cope with such a disaster, prepare a disaster management plan based on
the following points :
Report Writing
(1)Recurring biological hazards:
Disease outbreaks bugs that spread illness, invasive species, or harmful algae
blooms. eg. ringworm, malaria etc.
(2) Causes of the hazard:
i) Poor cleanliness, not enough healthcare and lack of
preventive measures.
ii) Presence of disease carrying bugs like mosquitoes or ticks
due to environmental factors.
ii) Introduction of plants or animals from other places that
disrupt the local environment.
iv) Too many nutrients and pollutants in water bodies causing
toxic algae in water.
(3) Damage caused by the hazard:
i) More people getting sick or dying, hospitals becoming
overwhelmed.
ii) Disease like malaria, dengue, fever or lyme disease
spreading, affecting peoples health.
iii) Loss of different plants and animals changes in how
ecosystems work.
(4) Activity plan
• Pre-disaster activities
i) Figuring out which areas are most at risk.
ii) Planning how to respond, and being ready for emergencies.
iii) Teaching people how to prevent problems, letting them know how to protect
themselves.
iv) Improving hospitals and clinics, having better systems to watch for diseases.
v) Regularly checking water bodies, plants and bug populations to find early
science of problems.
• Activities during that disaster
i) Quickly getting help to people, giving medical care, keeping sick people
separate.
ii) Keeping people informed about the situation, how to stay safe, and where to
go for help.
iii) Making sure there are enough supplies, medical workers and equipment
where they are needed.
iv) Continuously checking how diseases are spreading, watching for bugs.
v) Helping people leave dangerous areas and finding them safe places to stay
temporarily.
• Post-disaster activities
i) Figuring out how bad things are and making plans to fix them and help
people recover.
ii) Fixing and making hospitals better so they can handle future problems.
iii) Taking steps to bring back the environment after damage.
iv) Updating plans, practicing what to do and investing in research for the
future.
v) Teaching people how to handle emergencies, giving them training and
making sure they know how to respond.
(5) Your opinion disaster management:
To manage biological hazards well, we need to be prepared
by assessing risks, educating the public, having good
healthcare and working together.
(6) Source of information:
Internet, newspaper, books.
(2) List the disasters that strike your area during the rainy seasons. Write
down the examples of the damage caused by the disaster and suggest
disaster prevention measures.
Report Writing
(1) Name of the disaster:
(1) Floodings,
(2) Landslides,
(3) Mudslides
(2) Cause of disaster:
(1) Heavy rainfall, inadequate drainage systems
deforestation, or clogged waterways.
(2) Intense rainfall saturating the soil, steep slopes,
deforestation or improper land management.
(3) Heavy rainfall leading to saturated soil, steep slopes and
poor drainage systems.
(3) Drainage caused by the disasters:
(1) Destruction of homes and infrastructure displacement of
people, loss of lives.
(2) Burial of homes, destruction of infrastructure, loss of
life, description of transportation.
(3) Damaged homes, infrastructure, loss of life, obstruction
of roadways.
(4)Disaster management plan:
(1) Identify vulnerable areas prone to flooding landslides and mudslides.
(2) Develop early warning systems and established communication
channels for alerts.
(3) Conduct public awareness campaigns to educate the risks of disaster.
(4) Collaborate with relevant authorities, including meteorological
departments.
(5) Ensure the supply of electricity and water during disaster.
(5)Photographs, cuttings:
(6)Your opinion on disaster and security management:
Disaster and security management are important for keeping
people safe and protecting communities.
(7)Sources of information:
Newspaper, define studies book, internet.
Q. Solve the activities as directed:
(Any two).
Visit the municipality office of the village or city where you reside and meet
the disaster relief committee member and get a brief report on how disaster
relief plan is prepared and executed.
Points:
i) Identify potential hazards and evaluate the risks.
ii) Formulate protocols and procedures for disaster response.
iii) Prepare individuals through practice and simulations.
iv) Plan for safe relocation and accommodation of affected populations.
(2) Take a survey of your area. List buildings or houses that are structurally
safe and unsafe and give that list to your school, the area's corporator or village
councillor. Make a chart of that list.
Ans.
House no. /area |
Extremely unsafe |
Partially unsafe |
Completely safe |
(1) | 20 Houses | 70 Houses | 60 Houses |
(2) | 40 Houses | 60 Houses | 68 Houses |
(3) | 60 Houses | 40 Houses | 85 Houses |
(4) | 80 Houses | 50 Houses | 100 Houses |
(5) | 20 Houses | 30 Houses | 60 Houses |
(3) Prepare a questionnaire for interviewing a fire bridge personal,
based on the point such as name, education, other competencies,
nature of work, experience message, etc.
i) What is your name?
ii) What is your position/role in the fire bridge?
iii) What is your educational background?
iv) What additional competencies or specialised training do you have?
v) How would you describe the nature of your work as a fire
brigade personal?
vi) How many years of experience do you have in the field?
vii) Can you provide examples of challenging situations or
incidents you have handled?
viii) Can you share a memorable success story or achievement
from your career?
(4) Mark India's group-wise earthquake prone areas/zones in the
following map of India using different colours. Briefly write down under
which earthquake zone does your area come and the care you need to
take.
(1) Under which earthquake prone group does your area
come?
Ans.
It comes in zone IV of earthquake prone zone.
(2) Care to be taken in the event of an earthquake.
Ans.
i) Take cover under studry furniture or in a doorway.
ii) Avoid windows, heavy furniture and hazards.
iii) Beware of aftershocks and assess safety before moving.