5 Science, Technology and National Security
Q. Answer the following in brief: ( Any two)
(1)What is GPS? what is it used for?
Ans.
i) GPS (global positioning system) is a satellite-based navigation system that
provides location and timing information worldwide.
ii)It is used for location tracking common navigation, timing, emergency
services, mapping and surveying, offering a wide range of applications in today's
modern world.
(2) What is the significance of nuclear energy for India? List the
names of two nuclear power plants in India.
Ans.
i) Nuclear energy helps diversify India's energy sources, reducing
dependence on fossil fuels and enhancing energy security.
ii) Nuclear energy provides a stable and reliable based load power
supply, ensuring continuous and consistent electricity grade
operation.
-Two nuclear power plants in India:
i) Kundan kulam nuclear power plant (Tamil Nadu)
ii) Rajasthan atomic Power station (Rajasthan)
(3) Write the major contributions made by Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, Dr.
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Dr. Homi Bhabha and Dr Vijay bhatkar.
Ans.
(1) Dr. Vikram Sarabhai:
i) Space Research and nuclear energy,
ii) Development of India's space program.
(2) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam:
i) Missile and defence Technology.
ii) Nuclear weapons program.
(3) Dr. Homi Bhabha:
i) Establishing India's atomic energy program.
ii) Nuclear physics and research.
(4) Dr. Vijay Bhatkar:
i) Supercomputing and Param Padma.
ii) Education and Entrepreneurship.
| Activities based on written work |
Q Two activities are given below . Write a report on any one of those activities.
(1) Write a report on missile technology based on the following points:
Report Writing
(1)What is missile technology?
Ans.
i) Missile technology involves creating and using projectiles that can be launched through the air towards a specific target.
ii) These projectiles can carry explosives and are equipped with guidance systems and propulsion mechanisms.
(2)The importance of missiles in military security:
Ans.
Missiles are crucial for military security, deterring aggression and offering long range-strike capabilities with advanced technology, they can precisely target specific objectives, minimizing collateral damage.
(3)Missile guidance Technology:
Ans.
Missile guidance Technology guides missiles accurately using systems like GPS, radars and optical guidance. It ensures precise targeting and successful strikes in military operations.
(4) Collect five pictures of missiles from newspapers, magazines and the internet and paste them in the box below.
(5) Your opinion on Missile production:
Missile production can be viewed as a necessary measure for the defence of a country. Developing and maintaining a robust missile capability can act as a deterrent against potential threats ensuring the potential and security of a nation.
(6)Sources of information:
Official website of ISRO, Newspaper, Book.
Q (2) Write a report on space Technology based on the following points:
Report Writing
(1)What is space Technology?
Space Technology involves the development and utilization of scientific and engineering principles for exploring the utilizing outer space. It includes satellite design, located and space props etc.
(2)The importance of space Technology:
Space technology is indispensable for global communication networks, accurate weather forecasts, extensive scientific discoveries and strengthening national security.
(3) Space Technology guides:
Space Technology guides us to new frontiers, unveiling the mysteries of the universe.
(4)Use of space technology to you (in everyday life):
i) Satellite communications,
ii)Weather forecasting,
iii)Navigation system (GPS),
iv)Remote sensing,
v)Earth observation
vi)Disaster management, etc.
(5)Sources of information:
Defence studies workbook, official website of defence force, News-article (Digital-Media)
(6) Collect five pictures of satellites from newspapers, magazines and the internet and paste them in the box below.
| (B) Activity Work |
Q. Solve the activities as directed: (Any two).
Collect information on the missions of Chandrayaan-2 (22nd July 2019) and Mars Orbiter Mission-Mangalyaan. Discuss the success of these missions in the classroom. Write down the important points from the discussion below.
Ans.
i) Chandrayaan-2 was India's second lunar exploration mission, following the success of Chandrayaan-1.
ii) The primary objective of the mission was to further enhance India's understanding of the Moon's geology, mineralogy, and exosphere.
iii) The mission was composed of an orbiter, lander, and rover components.
iv) The orbiter, named “Vikram,” was designed to orbit the Moon and provide detailed information about its surface.
(2)Gather information on cyber threats to the national security. Discuss in the classroom the various ways to deal with cyber threats and then write down important points below.
Ans.
i) Strengthen cybersecurity measures to protect critical infrastructure and sensitive information.
ii) Develop dedicated cyber defense capabilities and incident response teams.
iii) Establish and enforce cybercrime laws regulations and policies.
iv) Invest in cyber intelligence and information sharing to identify and respond to threats.
v) Foster public-private partnerships for collaboration and resource- sharing.
vi) Conduct regular cyber exercises and training to test response capabilities.
(3) Visit the police station in your area. Interview a police officer about how cybercrime investigations are conducted. Prepare and list down the questions for the interview below.
Ans.
i) How do you investigate cybercrimes in our area?
ii) What types of cybercrimes do you often encounter?
iii) What tools do you use for cybercrime investigations?
iv) How do you collect digital evidence?
v) What challenges do you face during your work?
vi) How do you collaborate with other agencies to solve cybercrimes?
vii) How do you keep information secure during investigations?
viii) Can you share a successful cybercrime investigation you worked on?
(4) Visit the Office of the Navy, Air Force, Army or a Para-military Defence Force and learn about their method of working. Also find out about how technology is useful to them and write the experience of your visit below.
Ans.
My visit to the office of the Defence. forces offered a firsthand experience of how technology is seamlessly integrated into their operations. Advanced communication systems, surveillance technologies and robust cybersecurity measures were evident. The display of cutting-edge weapons, advanced training simulations, and efficient logistics showcased management showcased the power of data analysis, command and control systems, and a strong emphasis on research and development further exemplified the privotal role of technology in enhancing defence capabilities.