| CHAPTER 3 | MEASUREMENT OF WATER |
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Answer the following questions in brief:
(1) Explain the v-notch method of measuring flowing water.
Ans.
i)The V-notch method gauges water flow by measuring the water level over a v-shaped
notch.
ii) This method relies on the geometry of the notch to calculate flow rates, providing
straight forward measurements.
(2) Write units for measuring stagnant water and flowing water.
Ans.
Stagnant water is measured in volume units like litres or gallons, while flowing water is
measured in rate units like cubic metres per second.
(3) explain the difference between Cusec and Cumec.
Ans.
"Cusec" and "Cumec" both measure flow rates, but "Cusec" (cubic feet per
second) is imperial, while "Cumec" (cubic metre per second) is metric,
representing different volume units
(4) write information about evaporation measurement.
Ans.
i) Evaporation measurement quantifies the conversion of liquid to vapour.
ii) Common methods include Pan evaporation, ponds and lysimeters.
iii)Instruments like evaporation gauges and weather stations aid accurate
assessment for various applications.
(5) How is the water required for crops calculated?
Ans.
i) crop water requirements are determined by factor such as crop type,
climate soil, and growth stage.
ii) methods for calculation involve evapotranspiration models, soil
moisture monitoring, and analysis of weather data to ensure optimal
irrigation practices.
(6) Write how different flood lines are drawn.
Ans.
i).Flood lines are drawn on historical data , river/stream gauges ,
topography , and rainfall forecasts.
ii). Hydrologist use this information to establish floodplain boundaries ,
helping communities plan for potential inundation.